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A boat travels through wetlands near Grand Lake in Louisiana on June 3. (Flight courtesy of SouthWings)

Louisiana's coastal and environmental challenges are always at the forefront, but this year proved to be an especially tumultuous one. As we close out 2023, get caught up on the year's biggest environmental stories below:

Salt water in the Mississippi River

Saltwater intrusion in Mississippi River

Pipes carrying sediment crisscross the Mississippi River where the Army Corps of Engineers is building an underwater sill to slow the flow of salt water upriver toward New Orleans on Sept. 26, 2023.

It wasn't an environmental threat residents of south Louisiana were expecting, but it may be one to add to the list of regular occurrences alongside hurricanes and flooding. Saltwater intrusion in the Mississippi River, thanks to severe drought upstream, set off alarm bells and urgent plans to deal with drinking water contamination. In the end, the New Orleans area was spared, but lower Plaquemines Parish spent months dealing with the problem. Here are some of the key stories:

Unprecedented -- and controversial -- coastal restoration project begins

Mid-Barataria diversion map

Map of the Mid-Barataria sediment diversion project.

The nearly $3 billion Mid-Barataria Sediment Diversion that broke ground this year was long in the works. The unprecedented project aims to turn back the clock in a sense by rebuilding coastal land through the power of the Mississippi River. But support for it is far from unanimous. 

Fishing changes, from specks to pogies

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Speckled trout are seen at the outdoor seafood market in front of American Seafood in New Orleans on Thursday, February 9, 2023.

Plummeting numbers for both speckled trout and redfish have troubled the state's fisheries biologists, who have set out plans for new catch limits on both of the highly sought-after species. The first change in recreational limits for trout since the 1980s have now taken effect, but the debate continues for redfish. Meanwhile, the controversial industrial-scale pogy fishing that occurs off the coast may be in line for tighter restrictions.

  • Speckled trout are in decline. Reversing that has proven to be politically difficult

  • Speckled trout limits would be reduced for Louisiana anglers under new state plan

  • Speckled trout limits change today for Louisiana anglers. Here are the new rules

  • Louisiana may push spill-prone pogy boats farther from the coast

New governor, new approach?

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Governor-elect Jeff Landry introduces Aurelia Skipwith Giacometto, who he named to head Louisiana's Department of Environmental Quality, during a press conference Wednesday, November 15, 2023, at Russo Park in Lafayette, La.

Gov. John Bel Edwards managed to nudge Louisiana toward environmental progress throughout his eight years in office, including by creating the Gulf South's first climate action plan. But the Democrat will be replaced by current attorney general Jeff Landry when his term ends in January. While Landry has spoken of the need to address coastal issues, he has also labelled the science surrounding human-caused climate change a "hoax" and raised questions over the transition away from oil and gas.

Pollution and 'cancer alley'

Denka Performance Elastomer in Reserve

The Denka Performance Elastomer plant on River Road in Reserve is shown Dec. 11, 2019. 

The Biden administration has put a big focus on environmental justice issues, including along the industrial corridor between Baton Rouge and New Orleans that activists label "cancer alley." But while that brought some change, a civil rights investigation into permitting was eventually dropped, raising questions over the reasons. Further construction of industrial plants also raised new questions over how resilient such plants will be in the face of storms.

Louisiana 2050: A state of risk

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Boats travel down the Mississippi River near Hopedale, flanked by disappearing marshland.

A series of stories this year explored Louisiana's perilous future at a time of rising seas and intensifying storms. Using state data projecting the risks, the stories explored what Louisiana may look like in 2050, just one generation into the future. In short, Louisiana may be the state most at risk from climate change.

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